"{\"header\":{\"key\":\"MainHeader\",\"orderOnPage\":-1,\"model\":{\"rootOrganizationType\":\"ysph\",\"rootOrganizationLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/\",\"text\":\"Yale School of Public Health\"},\"navigationItems\":[{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/\",\"text\":\"About\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/deans_office/\",\"text\":\"Leadership/Dean's Office\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/diversity/\",\"text\":\"Diversity\"},{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/copy_of_history/\",\"text\":\"History\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/copy_of_history/timeline/\",\"text\":\"Timeline\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/copy_of_history/centennial/\",\"text\":\"Centennial Commemoration\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/copy_of_history/leaders/\",\"text\":\"Leaders\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/copy_of_history/winslow_medal/\",\"text\":\"Winslow Medal\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/copy_of_history/coatofarms/\",\"text\":\"Coat of Arms & Mace\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/careers/\",\"text\":\"Faculty, PostDoc Jobs\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/accreditation/\",\"text\":\"Accreditation\"},{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/\",\"text\":\"Giving\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/\",\"text\":\"Making a Difference\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/positano/\",\"text\":\"Podiatric Medicine and Orthopedics as Public Health Prevention\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/salovey_moret/\",\"text\":\"Yale Access\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/abshire/\",\"text\":\"Support for Veterans and Midcareer Students\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/kehayes/\",\"text\":\"Donor Eases Burden for Policy Students\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/prusoff/\",\"text\":\"Groundbreaking Researcher Gives Back\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/braniff/\",\"text\":\"Helping Latin America Through Summer Internships\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/cleary/\",\"text\":\"Dean’s Support of Cancer Research Has Personal Inspiration\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/steele/\",\"text\":\"Reducing the Burden of Student Debt\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/tina/\",\"text\":\"Tina’s Wish Lives on at Yale\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/skolnick/\",\"text\":\"Learning About Global Health Through Global Travel\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/mayer/\",\"text\":\"The Value of Public Health\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/makingadifference/okvuran/\",\"text\":\"A Meeting in Dubai, Conversations about Public Health and a Donation to the School\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/giftopportunities/\",\"text\":\"Giving Opportunities\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/giftopportunities/rapid_response/\",\"text\":\"Rapid Response Fund\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/giving/contact/\",\"text\":\"Contact\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/contact/\",\"text\":\"Contact Us\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/about/commencement2020/\",\"text\":\"Commencement 2020\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/admissions_alumni\",\"text\":\"Applicants, Students, Alumni \"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/education\",\"text\":\"Education & Training\"},{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/research/\",\"text\":\"Research\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/research/centers/\",\"text\":\"Research Centers\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/research/keywords/\",\"text\":\"Search by Public Health Specialty\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/research/pubmed/\",\"text\":\"Publications\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/research/international/\",\"text\":\"International Activity\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/education/training/\",\"text\":\"Research Training Programs\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/\",\"text\":\"Public Health in Action\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/students/\",\"text\":\"For Students\"},{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/\",\"text\":\"For Community-based Organizations\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/\",\"text\":\"Community Health Research (EPH 542b)\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/2020/\",\"text\":\"2020 Field Action Reports\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/2020/cca/\",\"text\":\"Christian Community Action\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/2020/crt/\",\"text\":\"Community Renewal Team\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/2020/yrltc/\",\"text\":\"Yale New Haven Lead Program and Regional Treatment Center\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/2019/\",\"text\":\"2019 Field Action Reports\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/2019/apnh/\",\"text\":\"A Place to Nourish your Health (APNH)\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/2019/cvc/\",\"text\":\"Connecticut Voices for Children\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/2019/desk/\",\"text\":\"Downtown Evening Soup Kitchen\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/2019/nhd/\",\"text\":\"Norwalk Health Department\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/2019/ynhh/\",\"text\":\"Yale New Haven Hospital\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/2019/lead/\",\"text\":\"Yale New Haven Hospital - Lead\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/2019/ppsne/\",\"text\":\"Planned Parenthood of Southern New England\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/reports18/\",\"text\":\"2018 Field Action Reports\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/reports18/optimus/\",\"text\":\"Optimus\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/reports18/lead/\",\"text\":\"Yale New Haven Health Children's Department\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/reports18/nhfarms/\",\"text\":\"New Haven Farms\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/reports18/nhhd/\",\"text\":\"New Haven Health Department\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/reports18/ppsne/\",\"text\":\"Planned Parenthood Southern New England\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/reports18/bellavista/\",\"text\":\"Bella Vista\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/reports18/cityseed/\",\"text\":\"City Seed\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/reports18/desk/\",\"text\":\"Downtown Evening Soup Kitchen\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/community/eph542b/fieldactionreports/\",\"text\":\"2017-2011 Field Action Reports\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/practitioners/\",\"text\":\"For Public Health Practitioners/Workforce Development\"},{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/care/\",\"text\":\"CARE - Community Alliance for Research and Engagement\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/care/news/\",\"text\":\"News\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/care/reports/\",\"text\":\"Reports and Publications\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/care/people/\",\"text\":\"CARE Team\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/prc/\",\"text\":\"Prevention Research Center\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/practice/prc/people/\",\"text\":\"PRC Team\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"topLink\":{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/people/\",\"text\":\"Faculty\"},\"subNavigationItems\":[{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/people/biostat/\",\"text\":\"Biostatistics\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/people/cde/\",\"text\":\"Chronic Disease Epidemiology\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/people/ehs/\",\"text\":\"Environmental Health Sciences\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/people/emd/\",\"text\":\"Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/people/global/\",\"text\":\"Global Health\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/people/hpm/\",\"text\":\"Health Policy & Management\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/people/modeling/\",\"text\":\"Public Health Modeling Concentration\"},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\"/people/sbs/\",\"text\":\"Social & Behavioral Sciences\"}],\"hasCurrentLink\":false},{\"isCurrentLink\":false,\"rootOrganizationPrefix\":null,\"url\":\" http://publichealth.yale.edu/myysph\",\"text\":\"myYSPH \"}],\"browseLinks\":[{\"url\":\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/admissions_alumni/\",\"text\":\"Prospective Students\"},{\"url\":\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/about/gateways/incoming/\",\"text\":\"Incoming Students\"},{\"url\":\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/myysph/\",\"text\":\"Current Students\"},{\"url\":\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/myysph/\",\"text\":\"Faculty\"},{\"url\":\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/myysph/\",\"text\":\"Administrators\"},{\"url\":\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/admissions_alumni/\",\"text\":\"Alumni\"},{\"url\":\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/giving/\",\"text\":\"Donors\"}],\"popularLinks\":{\"title\":\"Find Information On\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"Housing\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"Yale Listings\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://housing.yale.edu/graduate-housing/es-harkness-hall\",\"text\":\"YSM Harkness Dormitory\"},{\"url\":\"https://housing.yale.edu/graduate-housing\",\"text\":\"Graduate Housing\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Other Long-Term\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://www.cawhite.com/apartments.html\",\"text\":\"Apartments, CA White New Haven\"},{\"url\":\"http://newhaven.craigslist.org/\",\"text\":\"New Haven CraigsList\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Short-Term\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/visitor/lodging.html\",\"text\":\"Hotels Within Walking Distance\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.infonewhaven.com/content/staying-here-hotels\",\"text\":\"Hotels, Info New Haven\"}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Dining\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"On YSM Campus\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://www.yaledining.org/menu.cfm?mDH=169\",\"text\":\"Café Med\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/25/nyregion/25dinect.html\",\"text\":\"Carts Outside 333 Cedar Street\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/dining/\",\"text\":\"Dining Services, Yale\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Eat out\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://www.newhavenadvocate.com/dining/blog-5.html\",\"text\":\"Advocate\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.aubonpain.com/\",\"text\":\"Au Bon Pain\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.cafegeorgebypaula.com/\",\"text\":\"Cafe George by Paula\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.gourmetheaven.com/\",\"text\":\"Gourmet Heaven\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.rexdevelopment.org/visitor-information.html\",\"text\":\"Greater New Haven\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.infonewhaven.com/dining\",\"text\":\"Info New Haven\"},{\"url\":\"http://medstation.yale.edu/dining/\",\"text\":\"Student Suggestions\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.templegrill.com/\",\"text\":\"Temple Grill\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.yelp.com/search?find_desc=&action_search.x=0&action_search.y=0&action_search=Search&ns=1&rpp=10&find_loc=333+Cedar+St%2CNew+Haven%2CCT\",\"text\":\"Yelp.com\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.yorksidepizza.com/\",\"text\":\"Yorkside\"},{\"url\":\"http://zaroka.com/\",\"text\":\"Zaroka\"}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Travel\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"Maps & Directions\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://www.ynhh.org/locations/new-haven-20-york-street.aspx\",\"text\":\"Yale New Haven Hospital Directions & Parking\"},{\"url\":\"/maps/\",\"text\":\"YSM Maps & Directions\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Transportation Services\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://your.yale.edu/community/getting-around-yale/shuttle\",\"text\":\"Shuttle, Yale\"},{\"url\":\"https://your.yale.edu/administrative-services/travel-relocation-fleet/travel-management\",\"text\":\"Travel Management, Yale\"},{\"url\":\"https://to.yale.edu/bikeshare\",\"text\":\"Bikeshare, Yale\"},{\"url\":\"https://visitorcenter.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Visitor Center, Yale\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"International Travel\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://world-toolkit.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"International Toolkit—Yale & the World\"}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Parking\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"Yale\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://your.yale.edu/community/getting-around-yale/parking\",\"text\":\"Yale University Parking\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.ynhh.org/visitor-information/locations-directions.aspx\",\"text\":\"Yale New Haven Hospital Parking\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Off-Yale\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://parknewhaven.com/\",\"text\":\"Park New Haven\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.propark.com/locations/\",\"text\":\"Propark\"}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Computing\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"Quick Services\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://yale.edu/its\",\"text\":\"Information Technology Services (ITS)\"},{\"url\":\"https://software.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"ITS: Software Library\"},{\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://its.yale.edu/sites/default/files/imce/pdfs/crform.pdf\",\"text\":\"ITS: Computing Request Form\"},\"type\":\"pdf\",\"text\":\"ITS: Computing Request Form\"},{\"url\":\"http://its.yale.edu/how-to/change-your-yale-passwords\",\"text\":\"Change NetID Password\"},{\"url\":\"https://its.yale.edu/services/communication-and-collaboration/document-sharing-and-team-sites/box-yale\",\"text\":\"Box at Yale (cloud-based file sharing)\"},{\"url\":\"https://its.yale.edu/services/email-and-collaboration-services/email-and-messaging/yaleconnect/office-365\",\"text\":\"Yale Connect Mail (Office 365)\"},{\"url\":\"https://its.yale.edu/webmail-portal\",\"text\":\"Webmail Portal\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Your Phone & Computer\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://yale.service-now.com/it?id=service_offering&sys_id=0b688dcd6fbb31007ee2abcf9f3ee426\",\"text\":\"ITS: Antivirus Services\"},{\"url\":\"https://its.yale.edu/software-technology/buying-guide/recommended-computing-devices\",\"text\":\"ITS: Recommended Computing Devices\"},{\"url\":\"https://cybersecurity.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"ITS: Cybersecurity\"},{\"url\":\"https://its.yale.edu/help/it-support-providers\",\"text\":\"ITS: Support Providers\"},{\"url\":\"https://hipaa.yale.edu/security/breach-prevention/smartphones\",\"text\":\"Smartphone HIPAA Security Policy & Guidelines\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Access & Help\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://its.yale.edu/it-help-and-support\",\"text\":\"ITS: Help Desk (203-432-9000)\"},{\"url\":\"https://its.yale.edu/services/accounts-and-access/netreg-device-registration\",\"text\":\"ITS: NetReg (Device Registration)\"},{\"url\":\"https://yale.service-now.com/it?id=service_offering&sys_id=0b688dcd6fbb31007ee2abcf9f3ee426\",\"text\":\"ITS: Antivirus Services\"},{\"url\":\"https://cybersecurity.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"ITS: Cybersecurity\"},{\"url\":\"https://its.yale.edu/services/accounts-and-access/campus-access-vpn\",\"text\":\"ITS: Off Campus Access (VPN)\"},{\"url\":\"https://its.yale.edu/services/internet-phones-and-television/network-infrastructure-services/wifi\",\"text\":\"ITS: Wifi Coverage\"},{\"url\":\"http://library.medicine.yale.edu/services/computing\",\"text\":\"Computing in the Medical Library\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Web & Applications\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/web\",\"text\":\"YSM Web Support & Services\"},{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/ipc/what/identity/powerpoint.aspx\",\"text\":\"YSM PowerPoint Templates\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Research Computing\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://research.computing.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Yale Center for Research Computing\"}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Health & Safety\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"Emergencies\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://yalehealth.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Yale Health\"},{\"url\":\"https://yalehealth.yale.edu/directory/departments/acute-care\",\"text\":\"Yale Health: Acute Care\"},{\"url\":\"https://yalehealth.yale.edu/appointments/emergencies\",\"text\":\"Yale Health: Emergencies\"},{\"url\":\"https://emergency.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Yale University Emergency Management\"},{\"url\":\"https://your.yale.edu/community/public-safety\",\"text\":\"Public Safety (on campus, dial 911)\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/oehs/emergency_subpage.htm\",\"text\":\"Spill, Exposure, or Puncture\"},{\"url\":\"http://world-toolkit.yale.edu/travel_overview\",\"text\":\"While Traveling\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Find a Doctor\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://yalehealth.yale.edu/directory/clinicians\",\"text\":\"Yale Health Clinicians\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.ynhh.org/find-a-doctor.aspx\",\"text\":\"Yale New Haven Hospital\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.yalemedicine.org/doctors/\",\"text\":\"Yale Medicine\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"For Scientists\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/oehs/\",\"text\":\"Environmental Health & Safety\"},{\"url\":\"http://rsc.med.yale.edu/login.asp?url=myApps.asp\",\"text\":\"Radiation Safety\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Personal Safety\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://your.yale.edu/community/public-safety\",\"text\":\"Public Safety (on campus, dial 911)\"},{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/sha/\",\"text\":\"Sexual Harassment & Assault Policy and Resources\"},{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/dean/policies/smoking.aspx\",\"text\":\"Designated Smoking Areas\"}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Conflict Resolution\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/chaplain/\",\"text\":\"Chaplain, University\"},{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/owm/\",\"text\":\"Office of Women in Medicine\"},{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/ombuds/\",\"text\":\"Ombudsperson\"},{\"url\":\"http://sharecenter.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Sexual Harassment & Assault (SHARE)\"},{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/sha/\",\"text\":\"Sexual Misconduct Resources @ YSM\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Facilities\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://java.facilities.yale.edu/fwr/\",\"text\":\"Facilities Work Request\"},{\"url\":\"/facilities/\",\"text\":\"YSM Facilities Planning & Construction (FACPC)\"},{\"url\":\"https://facilities.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Office of Facilities, Yale University\"},{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/dean/policies/smoking.aspx\",\"text\":\"Designated Smoking Areas\"}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Library\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://library.medicine.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Courses & Academics\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"Course Listings\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/printer/bulletin/htmlfiles/med/departments-and-sections.html\",\"text\":\"By Department\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Academic\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://bluedogs.med.yale.edu/lcms/\",\"text\":\"BlueDogs\"},{\"url\":\"https://classesv2.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Classes V2 (Yale)\"},{\"url\":\"/education/quicklinks/academiccalendar.aspx\",\"text\":\"YSM Academic Calendar\"},{\"url\":\"http://bulletin.printer.yale.edu/htmlfiles/med/departments-and-sections.html\",\"text\":\"Course Handbook (Bulletin)\"},{\"url\":\"/edu/md.aspx\",\"text\":\"Degree Programs\"}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/departments/\",\"text\":\"A-Z Index\"},{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/departments/#page4\",\"text\":\"Administrative Departments and Sections\"},{\"title\":\"Employee Training\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"Courses & Getting Started\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://your.yale.edu/what-you-need-know-get-started-yale\",\"text\":\"Getting Started at Yale\"},{\"url\":\"https://your.yale.edu\",\"text\":\"It's Your Yale\"},{\"url\":\"https://your.yale.edu/work-yale/managers/managing-and-developing-your-team\",\"text\":\"Managing and Developing Your Team\"},{\"url\":\"https://your.yale.edu/you-start-your-new-job\",\"text\":\"New Employee Orientation\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Training\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/training/\",\"text\":\"Yale Assessment\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/oehs/training.htm\",\"text\":\"Environmental Health & Safety\"}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"News & Publications\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"Medical\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/news/index.aspx\",\"text\":\"School of Medicine\"},{\"url\":\"https://news.yale.edu/topics/health-medicine\",\"text\":\"YaleNews Health & Medicine Topics\"},{\"url\":\"http://communications.yale.edu/media/experts\",\"text\":\"Yale University Office of Public Affairs & Communications - Yale Medical Experts\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Yale\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://news.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"YaleNews\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.yaledailynews.com/\",\"text\":\"Yale Daily News\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.yaleherald.com/\",\"text\":\"Yale Herald\"},{\"url\":\"http://communications.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Office of Public Affairs & Communications \"}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Calendars & Events\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"Calendars\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://your.yale.edu/work-yale/benefits/paid-time/official-yale-holidays\",\"text\":\"Official Yale University Holidays\"},{\"url\":\"/edu/academic-calendar.aspx\",\"text\":\"YSM Academic Calendar\"},{\"url\":\"http://yalecollege.yale.edu/content/academic-calendars\",\"text\":\"Yale University Academic Calendar\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Events\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://www.ynhh.org/events.aspx\",\"text\":\"Yale New Haven Hospital Events\"},{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/calendar.aspx\",\"text\":\"Yale School of Medicine Event Calendar\"},{\"url\":\"http://calendar.yale.edu/cal/main/showEventList.rdo\",\"text\":\"Yale Calendar of Events\"},{\"url\":\"http://calendar.cityofnewhaven.com/scripts/webevent.pl?cmd=calmonth&userid=guest&calID=44\",\"text\":\"City of New Haven\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.infonewhaven.com/events\",\"text\":\"InfoNewHaven.com\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.rexdevelopment.org\",\"text\":\"VisitNewHaven.com\"}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Culture & Activities\",\"items\":[{\"title\":\"Art Museums\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://www.eliwhitney.org/\",\"text\":\"Eli Whitney Museum\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/ycba/\",\"text\":\"Center for British Art, Yale\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/artgallery/\",\"text\":\"Art Gallery, Yale\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/art/\",\"text\":\"School of Art, Yale\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.peabody.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Music\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"https://newhavensymphony.org/\",\"text\":\"New Haven Symphony Orchestra\"},{\"url\":\"http://music.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Yale School of Music\"},{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/orchestra/\",\"text\":\"Yale Medical Symphony Orchestra\"}],\"columnsCount\":1},{\"title\":\"Theater\",\"items\":[{\"url\":\"http://www.longwharf.org/\",\"text\":\"Long Wharf Theater\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.shubert.com/\",\"text\":\"Shubert Theater\"},{\"url\":\"http://yalecabaret.org/\",\"text\":\"Yale Cabaret\"},{\"url\":\"https://yaledramat.org/\",\"text\":\"Yale Dramatic Association\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/yalerep/\",\"text\":\"Yale Repertory Theater\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.yale.edu/drama/index.html\",\"text\":\"Yale School of Drama\"}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":1}],\"columnsCount\":2},\"searchUrl\":\"/search/\"}},\"footer\":{\"key\":\"Footer\",\"orderOnPage\":-1,\"model\":{\"organizationType\":\"ysph\",\"primarySections\":[{\"eventsCount\":22,\"period\":\"2020-08-05T04:00:00Z\",\"periodType\":\"month\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"/calendar/\",\"text\":\"YSPH Calendar\"}},{\"title\":\"Innovating\",\"mottoWords\":[\"Through Collaboration\"],\"link\":{\"url\":\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/about/rooms/\",\"text\":\"Reserve a Room\"}},{\"mailingAddresses\":[{\"id\":3142,\"officeName\":null,\"name\":null,\"addressLine1\":\"P.O. Box 208034\",\"addressLine2\":\"60 College Street\",\"city\":\"New Haven\",\"region\":\"CT\",\"country\":\"United States\",\"postalCode\":\"06520-0834\"}],\"link\":{\"url\":\"/about/map/\",\"text\":\"Maps & Directions\"}},{\"socialMediaLinks\":{\"facebook\":\"https://facebook.com/YaleSPH\",\"twitter\":\"https://twitter.com/YaleSPH\",\"instagram\":\"https://instagram.com/yalesph\",\"linkedin\":\"https://linkedin.com/school/Yalesph\"},\"link\":{\"url\":\"/about/contact/\",\"text\":\"Contact Us\"}}],\"secondaryLinks\":[{\"url\":\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/myysph/\",\"text\":\"Intranet\"},{\"url\":\"mailto:denise.meyer@yale.edu\",\"text\":\"Site Editor\"},{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/communications/policies/policies/accessibility/\",\"text\":\"Accessibility at YSM\"},{\"url\":\"/privacy/\",\"text\":\"Terms & Privacy Policy\"},{\"url\":\"https://yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Yale University\"},{\"url\":\"http://directory.yale.edu/\",\"text\":\"Yale Phonebook\"},{\"url\":\"http://guides.library.yale.edu/publichealth/\",\"text\":\"Library & Reference\"}],\"poweredByLink\":{\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/communications/\",\"text\":\"Powered by Yale School of Medicine web platforms\"},\"lastModifiedDate\":\"2019-07-15T08:40:02\"}},\"pageSettings\":{\"hasContentOverlay\":false,\"hasCustomLayout\":true,\"isHomePage\":false,\"isDepartmentHeader\":false,\"showSuppressedImageWarnings\":false,\"showBugReportButton\":false,\"showAnnouncementModal\":true,\"showDownloadAsWordButton\":false,\"reCaptchaSiteKey\":\"6LdBkE0UAAAAAPaY0NU7aiTHhHfpaBRKXzTH3k73\",\"facebookShareUrl\":\"https://www.facebook.com/dialog/share?app_id=604142276782606&display=popup&href=\",\"isWordPageVersion\":false},\"googleAnalyticsSettings\":{\"ysmSitesKey\":\"UA-16886888-1\",\"websites4Key\":\"UA-148343683-1\",\"siteKey\":\"UA-63669518-1\",\"sitesGroupKey\":\"UA-63669518-25\",\"mediaLibraryKey\":\"UA-132905387-1\"},\"googleTagManagerContainerId\":\"GTM-T29B2V8\",\"pageMetaData\":{\"socialMediaTitle\":\"Jason L Schwartz, PhD\",\"siteName\":\"Yale School of Public Health\",\"googleSiteVerification\":null,\"keywords\":\"\",\"twitterAccountName\":\"@YaleSPH\",\"twitterCardType\":\"summary\",\"facebookAppId\":\"604142276782606\",\"url\":\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/profile/jason_l_schwartz/?tab=location&locationId=22812\",\"resourceBaseUrl\":\"https://ysm-websites4-live-prod.azureedge.net\",\"faviconUrl\":\"/Images/favicon_tcm202-48826.ico\",\"iconsFolderUrl\":\"https://ysm-websites4-live-prod.azureedge.net/icons/ysph\",\"title\":\"Jason L Schwartz, PhD < Yale School of Public Health\",\"description\":\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and\",\"imageMetaData\":{\"alt\":\"\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":630,\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\",\"secureUrl\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\"},\"videoMetaData\":null,\"audioMetaData\":null,\"author\":null,\"pageType\":\"website\",\"publishDate\":\"2020-08-05T00:43:08.1952718-04:00\",\"canonicalUrl\":\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\",\"isIndexingForbidden\":false},\"popularSearches\":[\"Hydroxychloroquine\",\"covid\",\"hydroxychloroquine\"],\"pageStructuredData\":[{\"schemaName\":\"Person\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Publications\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"list and links available at http://jschwartz.yale.edu/publications/index.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Lessons from the failure of human papillomavirus vaccine state requirements.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17971822\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Caplan AL, Faden RR, Sugarman J. Lessons from the failure of human papillomavirus vaccine state requirements. Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics 2007, 82:760-3.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"HPV vaccination's second act: promotion, competition, and compulsion.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20724671\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. HPV vaccination's second act: promotion, competition, and compulsion. American Journal Of Public Health 2010, 100:1841-4.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Vaccination refusal: ethics, individual rights, and the common good.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22094142\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Caplan AL. Vaccination refusal: ethics, individual rights, and the common good. Primary Care 2011, 38:717-28, ix.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Ethics of vaccination programs.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22440783\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Caplan AL. Ethics of vaccination programs. Current Opinion In Virology 2011, 1:263-7.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"The first rotavirus vaccine and the politics of acceptable risk.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22709389\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. The first rotavirus vaccine and the politics of acceptable risk. The Milbank Quarterly 2012, 90:278-310.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"New media, old messages: themes in the history of vaccine hesitancy and refusal.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23116917\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. New media, old messages: themes in the history of vaccine hesitancy and refusal. The Virtual Mentor : VM 2012, 14:50-5.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Immune to addiction: the ethical dimensions of vaccines against substance abuse.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22610239\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Young MJ, Sisti DA, Rimon-Greenspan H, Schwartz JL, Caplan AL. Immune to addiction: the ethical dimensions of vaccines against substance abuse. Nature Immunology 2012, 13:521-4.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Evidence and ethics in mandatory vaccination policies.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23952835\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Evidence and ethics in mandatory vaccination policies. The American Journal Of Bioethics : AJOB 2013, 13:46-8.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"\\\\\\\"Model\\\\\\\" patients and the consequences of provider responses to vaccine hesitancy.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24018350\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. \\\\\\\"Model\\\\\\\" patients and the consequences of provider responses to vaccine hesitancy. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 2013, 9:2663-5.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Rotavirus vaccines, intussusception, and risk-benefit assessments.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24100526\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Rotavirus vaccines, intussusception, and risk-benefit assessments. JAMA Pediatrics 2013, 167:1093-4.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"A half-century of prevention--the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25409366\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Mahmoud A. A half-century of prevention--the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. The New England Journal Of Medicine 2014, 371:1953-6.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"State Vaccination Requirements for HPV and Other Vaccines for Adolescents, 1990-2015.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26172898\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Easterling LA. State Vaccination Requirements for HPV and Other Vaccines for Adolescents, 1990-2015. JAMA 2015, 314:185-6.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Fifty Years of Expert Advice - Pharmaceutical Regulation and the Legacy of the Drug Efficacy Study.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27959733\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Fifty Years of Expert Advice - Pharmaceutical Regulation and the Legacy of the Drug Efficacy Study. The New England Journal Of Medicine 2016, 375:2015-2017.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"The Missions of National Commissions: Mapping the Forms and Functions of Bioethics Advisory Bodies.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28533498\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schmidt H, Schwartz JL. The Missions of National Commissions: Mapping the Forms and Functions of Bioethics Advisory Bodies. Kennedy Institute Of Ethics Journal 2016, 26:431-456.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"When Not All That Counts Can Be Counted: Economic Evaluations And The Value Of Vaccination.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26858371\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Mahmoud A. When Not All That Counts Can Be Counted: Economic Evaluations And The Value Of Vaccination. Health Affairs (Project Hope) 2016, 35:208-11.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Vaccine Pricing and US Immunization Policies.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27404201\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Vaccine Pricing and US Immunization Policies. JAMA 2016, 316:226.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"State-Level Voting Patterns and Adolescent Vaccination Coverage in the United States, 2014.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27552268\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Bernstein S, North A, Schwartz J, Niccolai LM. State-Level Voting Patterns and Adolescent Vaccination Coverage in the United States, 2014. American Journal Of Public Health 2016, 106:1879-81.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"The Uncertain Future of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination School Requirements.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27940739\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. The Uncertain Future of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination School Requirements. Pediatrics 2016, 138.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Real-World Evidence, Public Participation, and the FDA.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29171057\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Real-World Evidence, Public Participation, and the FDA. The Hastings Center Report 2017, 47:7-8.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Vaccines and the Trump Administration-Reasons for Optimism Amid Uncertainty.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29048968\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Vaccines and the Trump Administration-Reasons for Optimism Amid Uncertainty. American Journal Of Public Health 2017, 107:1892-1893.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Using campaigns to improve perceptions of the value of adult vaccination in the United States: Health communic\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28886947\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Nowak GJ, Shen AK, Schwartz JL. Using campaigns to improve perceptions of the value of adult vaccination in the United States: Health communication considerations and insights. Vaccine 2017, 35:5543-5550.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Achieving an Optimal Childhood Vaccine Policy.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28672396\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Opel DJ, Schwartz JL, Omer SB, Silverman R, Duchin J, Kodish E, Diekema DS, Marcuse EK, Orenstein W. Achieving an Optimal Childhood Vaccine Policy. JAMA Pediatrics 2017, 171:893-896.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"A Broader Bioethics: Topic Selection and the Impact of National Bioethics Commissions.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28543649\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. A Broader Bioethics: Topic Selection and the Impact of National Bioethics Commissions. The Hastings Center Report 2017, 47 Suppl 1:S17-S19.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Costs, Consequences, and Policy Responses of Vaccine-Preventable Disease Outbreaks.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30073255\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Costs, Consequences, and Policy Responses of Vaccine-Preventable Disease Outbreaks. JAMA Pediatrics 2018, 172:805-807.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"The Spanish Flu, Epidemics, and the Turn to Biomedical Responses.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30252511\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. The Spanish Flu, Epidemics, and the Turn to Biomedical Responses. American Journal Of Public Health 2018, 108:1455-1458.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Association Between Food and Drug Administration Advisory Committee Recommendations and Agency Actions, 2008-2\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31304643\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Zhang AD, Schwartz JL, Ross JS. Association Between Food and Drug Administration Advisory Committee Recommendations and Agency Actions, 2008-2015. The Milbank Quarterly 2019, 97:796-819.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"The Vaccines for Children Program at 25 - Access, Affordability, and Sustainability.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32521131\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Colgrove J. The Vaccines for Children Program at 25 - Access, Affordability, and Sustainability. The New England Journal Of Medicine 2020, 382:2277-2279.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"}],\"sdlPageMetaData\":{\"tcmId\":\"tcm:202-363053-64\",\"lastPublishedDate\":\"2020-08-05T00:43:08.1952718-04:00\",\"revisionDate\":\"2019-07-15T08:40:02\",\"version\":1},\"authenticationData\":{\"isUserAuthenticated\":false,\"userName\":null,\"email\":null,\"userId\":null},\"publicationUrl\":\"/\",\"topBanner\":null,\"mainComponents\":[{\"key\":\"ProfileDetails\",\"orderOnPage\":0,\"model\":{\"mainInfo\":{\"fullName\":\"Jason L Schwartz\",\"suffixes\":{\"familySuffix\":null,\"nonFamilySuffixes\":[\"PhD\"]},\"titles\":[\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\"],\"image\":{\"hiResUrl\":\"https://files-profile.medicine.yale.edu/images/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\",\"altText\":\"Jason L Schwartz\",\"width\":1589,\"height\":2400,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/27661f88-b95a-4aa3-8407-2f73463a0352\",\"width\":1589,\"height\":1589},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/f533f642-45a2-4b87-b7d6-34719214452d\",\"width\":1589,\"height\":1986}]},\"editUrl\":\"https://prod.admin.profile.yale.edu/Profiles/101843/GeneralInfo/Edit\"},\"contacts\":{\"fullName\":\"Jason L Schwartz\",\"cvUrl\":null,\"generalContacts\":{\"email\":\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\",\"academicPhone\":{\"phoneNumber\":\"+12037856663\",\"extension\":null},\"officeFax\":null,\"clinicPhone\":null,\"clinicFax\":null,\"labPhone\":null},\"externalProfileLink\":null,\"locations\":{\"patientCareLocations\":[],\"officeLocations\":[{\"address\":{\"id\":580,\"officeName\":\"Yale School of Public Health\",\"name\":null,\"addressLine1\":\"60 College Street\",\"addressLine2\":\"Rm 312\",\"city\":\"New Haven\",\"region\":\"CT\",\"country\":\"United States\",\"postalCode\":\"06510\"},\"url\":\"/profile/jason_l_schwartz/?tab=location&locationId=22812\",\"phones\":[]}],\"labLocations\":[]},\"mailingAddresses\":[{\"id\":3525,\"officeName\":null,\"name\":null,\"addressLine1\":\"Yale School of Public Health\",\"addressLine2\":\"60 College Street, PO Box 208034\",\"city\":\"New Haven\",\"region\":\"CT\",\"country\":\"United States\",\"postalCode\":\"06520-8034\"},{\"id\":3526,\"officeName\":null,\"name\":null,\"addressLine1\":\"Yale School of Public Health\",\"addressLine2\":\"60 College Street, Room 312\",\"city\":\"New Haven\",\"region\":\"CT\",\"country\":\"United States\",\"postalCode\":\"06510\"}],\"suffixes\":{\"familySuffix\":null,\"nonFamilySuffixes\":[\"PhD\"]},\"labLinks\":[{\"url\":\"http://jschwartz.yale.edu\",\"text\":\"Schwartz Faculty Website\"}],\"relatedLinks\":[],\"ymProfileUrl\":null},\"bioTab\":{\"biography\":\"

Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health.

Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.

Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.

[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]

\",\"photo\":{\"hiResUrl\":\"https://files-profile.medicine.yale.edu/images/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\",\"altText\":\"Jason L Schwartz\",\"width\":1589,\"height\":2400,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/27661f88-b95a-4aa3-8407-2f73463a0352\",\"width\":1589,\"height\":1589},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/f533f642-45a2-4b87-b7d6-34719214452d\",\"width\":1589,\"height\":1986}]},\"gallery\":null,\"organizations\":[{\"id\":109212,\"name\":\"Health Policy & Management\",\"url\":\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\"},{\"id\":108793,\"name\":\"History of Medicine\",\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\"},{\"id\":115841,\"name\":\"J. Schwartz Lab\",\"url\":null},{\"id\":109082,\"name\":\"Yale School of Public Health\",\"url\":\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\"},{\"id\":110762,\"name\":\"Yale University\",\"url\":\"https://www.yale.edu/\"}],\"appointmentOrganizations\":[{\"id\":109212,\"name\":\"Health Policy & Management\",\"url\":\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\"},{\"id\":108793,\"name\":\"History of Medicine\",\"url\":\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\"}],\"educations\":[{\"degree\":\"PhD\",\"institution\":\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\"},{\"degree\":\"MBE\",\"institution\":\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\"},{\"degree\":\"AB\",\"institution\":\"Princeton University (2003)\"},{\"degree\":\"Postdoctoral\",\"institution\":\"Princeton University\"}],\"honors\":[],\"services\":[],\"activities\":[]},\"researchTab\":{\"research\":{\"description\":null,\"summary\":\"

Dr. Schwartz's research on public health policy, history, and ethics focuses on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in public health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Among his current research projects is an examination of how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of vaccines, pharmaceuticals, and other medical technologies.\\n

\",\"researchInterests\":[\"Health Policy\",\"History of Medicine\",\"Public Health\",\"Risk\",\"Sociology, Medical\",\"Vaccination\",\"Evidence-Based Medicine\"],\"healthInterests\":[\"Bioethics\",\"Health Policy\",\"History of Medicine and Science\",\"Infectious Diseases\",\"Vaccines\",\"Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices\",\"Regulatory Affairs\",\"COVID-19\"],\"researchImagesGallery\":null},\"publications\":[{\"title\":\"Publications\",\"citation\":\"list and links available at http://jschwartz.yale.edu/publications/index.aspx\",\"year\":null,\"link\":null},{\"title\":\"Lessons from the failure of human papillomavirus vaccine state requirements.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL, Caplan AL, Faden RR, Sugarman J. Lessons from the failure of human papillomavirus vaccine state requirements. Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics 2007, 82:760-3.\",\"year\":2007,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17971822\",\"text\":\"Lessons from the failure of human papillomavirus vaccine state requirements.\"}},{\"title\":\"HPV vaccination's second act: promotion, competition, and compulsion.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. HPV vaccination's second act: promotion, competition, and compulsion. American Journal Of Public Health 2010, 100:1841-4.\",\"year\":2010,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20724671\",\"text\":\"HPV vaccination's second act: promotion, competition, and compulsion.\"}},{\"title\":\"Vaccination refusal: ethics, individual rights, and the common good.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL, Caplan AL. Vaccination refusal: ethics, individual rights, and the common good. Primary Care 2011, 38:717-28, ix.\",\"year\":2011,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22094142\",\"text\":\"Vaccination refusal: ethics, individual rights, and the common good.\"}},{\"title\":\"Ethics of vaccination programs.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL, Caplan AL. Ethics of vaccination programs. Current Opinion In Virology 2011, 1:263-7.\",\"year\":2011,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22440783\",\"text\":\"Ethics of vaccination programs.\"}},{\"title\":\"The first rotavirus vaccine and the politics of acceptable risk.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. The first rotavirus vaccine and the politics of acceptable risk. The Milbank Quarterly 2012, 90:278-310.\",\"year\":2012,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22709389\",\"text\":\"The first rotavirus vaccine and the politics of acceptable risk.\"}},{\"title\":\"New media, old messages: themes in the history of vaccine hesitancy and refusal.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. New media, old messages: themes in the history of vaccine hesitancy and refusal. The Virtual Mentor : VM 2012, 14:50-5.\",\"year\":2012,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23116917\",\"text\":\"New media, old messages: themes in the history of vaccine hesitancy and refusal.\"}},{\"title\":\"Immune to addiction: the ethical dimensions of vaccines against substance abuse.\",\"citation\":\"Young MJ, Sisti DA, Rimon-Greenspan H, Schwartz JL, Caplan AL. Immune to addiction: the ethical dimensions of vaccines against substance abuse. Nature Immunology 2012, 13:521-4.\",\"year\":2012,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22610239\",\"text\":\"Immune to addiction: the ethical dimensions of vaccines against substance abuse.\"}},{\"title\":\"Evidence and ethics in mandatory vaccination policies.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. Evidence and ethics in mandatory vaccination policies. The American Journal Of Bioethics : AJOB 2013, 13:46-8.\",\"year\":2013,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23952835\",\"text\":\"Evidence and ethics in mandatory vaccination policies.\"}},{\"title\":\"\\\"Model\\\" patients and the consequences of provider responses to vaccine hesitancy.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. \\\"Model\\\" patients and the consequences of provider responses to vaccine hesitancy. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 2013, 9:2663-5.\",\"year\":2013,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24018350\",\"text\":\"\\\"Model\\\" patients and the consequences of provider responses to vaccine hesitancy.\"}},{\"title\":\"Rotavirus vaccines, intussusception, and risk-benefit assessments.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. Rotavirus vaccines, intussusception, and risk-benefit assessments. JAMA Pediatrics 2013, 167:1093-4.\",\"year\":2013,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24100526\",\"text\":\"Rotavirus vaccines, intussusception, and risk-benefit assessments.\"}},{\"title\":\"A half-century of prevention--the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL, Mahmoud A. A half-century of prevention--the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. The New England Journal Of Medicine 2014, 371:1953-6.\",\"year\":2014,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25409366\",\"text\":\"A half-century of prevention--the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.\"}},{\"title\":\"State Vaccination Requirements for HPV and Other Vaccines for Adolescents, 1990-2015.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL, Easterling LA. State Vaccination Requirements for HPV and Other Vaccines for Adolescents, 1990-2015. JAMA 2015, 314:185-6.\",\"year\":2015,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26172898\",\"text\":\"State Vaccination Requirements for HPV and Other Vaccines for Adolescents, 1990-2015.\"}},{\"title\":\"Fifty Years of Expert Advice - Pharmaceutical Regulation and the Legacy of the Drug Efficacy Study.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. Fifty Years of Expert Advice - Pharmaceutical Regulation and the Legacy of the Drug Efficacy Study. The New England Journal Of Medicine 2016, 375:2015-2017.\",\"year\":2016,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27959733\",\"text\":\"Fifty Years of Expert Advice - Pharmaceutical Regulation and the Legacy of the Drug Efficacy Study.\"}},{\"title\":\"The Missions of National Commissions: Mapping the Forms and Functions of Bioethics Advisory Bodies.\",\"citation\":\"Schmidt H, Schwartz JL. The Missions of National Commissions: Mapping the Forms and Functions of Bioethics Advisory Bodies. Kennedy Institute Of Ethics Journal 2016, 26:431-456.\",\"year\":2016,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28533498\",\"text\":\"The Missions of National Commissions: Mapping the Forms and Functions of Bioethics Advisory Bodies.\"}},{\"title\":\"When Not All That Counts Can Be Counted: Economic Evaluations And The Value Of Vaccination.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL, Mahmoud A. When Not All That Counts Can Be Counted: Economic Evaluations And The Value Of Vaccination. Health Affairs (Project Hope) 2016, 35:208-11.\",\"year\":2016,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26858371\",\"text\":\"When Not All That Counts Can Be Counted: Economic Evaluations And The Value Of Vaccination.\"}},{\"title\":\"Vaccine Pricing and US Immunization Policies.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. Vaccine Pricing and US Immunization Policies. JAMA 2016, 316:226.\",\"year\":2016,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27404201\",\"text\":\"Vaccine Pricing and US Immunization Policies.\"}},{\"title\":\"State-Level Voting Patterns and Adolescent Vaccination Coverage in the United States, 2014.\",\"citation\":\"Bernstein S, North A, Schwartz J, Niccolai LM. State-Level Voting Patterns and Adolescent Vaccination Coverage in the United States, 2014. American Journal Of Public Health 2016, 106:1879-81.\",\"year\":2016,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27552268\",\"text\":\"State-Level Voting Patterns and Adolescent Vaccination Coverage in the United States, 2014.\"}},{\"title\":\"The Uncertain Future of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination School Requirements.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. The Uncertain Future of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination School Requirements. Pediatrics 2016, 138.\",\"year\":2016,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27940739\",\"text\":\"The Uncertain Future of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination School Requirements.\"}},{\"title\":\"Real-World Evidence, Public Participation, and the FDA.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. Real-World Evidence, Public Participation, and the FDA. The Hastings Center Report 2017, 47:7-8.\",\"year\":2017,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29171057\",\"text\":\"Real-World Evidence, Public Participation, and the FDA.\"}},{\"title\":\"Vaccines and the Trump Administration-Reasons for Optimism Amid Uncertainty.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. Vaccines and the Trump Administration-Reasons for Optimism Amid Uncertainty. American Journal Of Public Health 2017, 107:1892-1893.\",\"year\":2017,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29048968\",\"text\":\"Vaccines and the Trump Administration-Reasons for Optimism Amid Uncertainty.\"}},{\"title\":\"Using campaigns to improve perceptions of the value of adult vaccination in the United States: Health communication considerations and insights.\",\"citation\":\"Nowak GJ, Shen AK, Schwartz JL. Using campaigns to improve perceptions of the value of adult vaccination in the United States: Health communication considerations and insights. Vaccine 2017, 35:5543-5550.\",\"year\":2017,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28886947\",\"text\":\"Using campaigns to improve perceptions of the value of adult vaccination in the United States: Health communication considerations and insights.\"}},{\"title\":\"Achieving an Optimal Childhood Vaccine Policy.\",\"citation\":\"Opel DJ, Schwartz JL, Omer SB, Silverman R, Duchin J, Kodish E, Diekema DS, Marcuse EK, Orenstein W. Achieving an Optimal Childhood Vaccine Policy. JAMA Pediatrics 2017, 171:893-896.\",\"year\":2017,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28672396\",\"text\":\"Achieving an Optimal Childhood Vaccine Policy.\"}},{\"title\":\"A Broader Bioethics: Topic Selection and the Impact of National Bioethics Commissions.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. A Broader Bioethics: Topic Selection and the Impact of National Bioethics Commissions. The Hastings Center Report 2017, 47 Suppl 1:S17-S19.\",\"year\":2017,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28543649\",\"text\":\"A Broader Bioethics: Topic Selection and the Impact of National Bioethics Commissions.\"}},{\"title\":\"Costs, Consequences, and Policy Responses of Vaccine-Preventable Disease Outbreaks.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. Costs, Consequences, and Policy Responses of Vaccine-Preventable Disease Outbreaks. JAMA Pediatrics 2018, 172:805-807.\",\"year\":2018,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30073255\",\"text\":\"Costs, Consequences, and Policy Responses of Vaccine-Preventable Disease Outbreaks.\"}},{\"title\":\"The Spanish Flu, Epidemics, and the Turn to Biomedical Responses.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL. The Spanish Flu, Epidemics, and the Turn to Biomedical Responses. American Journal Of Public Health 2018, 108:1455-1458.\",\"year\":2018,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30252511\",\"text\":\"The Spanish Flu, Epidemics, and the Turn to Biomedical Responses.\"}},{\"title\":\"Association Between Food and Drug Administration Advisory Committee Recommendations and Agency Actions, 2008-2015.\",\"citation\":\"Zhang AD, Schwartz JL, Ross JS. Association Between Food and Drug Administration Advisory Committee Recommendations and Agency Actions, 2008-2015. The Milbank Quarterly 2019, 97:796-819.\",\"year\":2019,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31304643\",\"text\":\"Association Between Food and Drug Administration Advisory Committee Recommendations and Agency Actions, 2008-2015.\"}},{\"title\":\"The Vaccines for Children Program at 25 - Access, Affordability, and Sustainability.\",\"citation\":\"Schwartz JL, Colgrove J. The Vaccines for Children Program at 25 - Access, Affordability, and Sustainability. The New England Journal Of Medicine 2020, 382:2277-2279.\",\"year\":2020,\"link\":{\"url\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32521131\",\"text\":\"The Vaccines for Children Program at 25 - Access, Affordability, and Sustainability.\"}}],\"clinicalTrials\":[],\"coauthors\":[]},\"patientCareTab\":null,\"newsTab\":{\"searchUrl\":\"/search/?entityType=Article&profilePageName=jason_l_schwartz\",\"news\":[{\"id\":\"26062\",\"bylineDate\":\"2020-07-16T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"Experts: Public trust in science, data key to COVID-19 vaccine credibility\",\"summary\":\"The Food and Drug Administration should hold hearings and publish data before it approves a COVID-19 vaccine to boost public confidence, experts in infectious diseases and vaccination advise.\\n\\n“It is incumbent on us as scientists to convey to the American public what we’re finding and seeing very, very clearly and loudly,” said Jay Bhattacharya, a Stanford School of Medicine health economist and professor of medicine, at a House Oversight Subcommittee on Economic and Consumer Policy hearing Tuesday.\",\"thumbnail\":null,\"url\":\"https://www.rollcall.com/2020/07/14/coronavirus-vaccine-update-experts-public-fda-hearings/\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":\"Roll Call\"},{\"id\":\"25985\",\"bylineDate\":\"2020-07-13T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"'No one is safe until everyone is safe': Vaccine nationalism threatens global coronavirus effort\",\"summary\":\"A deadly virus causes a global pandemic. A wealthy country signs a more than $100 million contract for vaccine with a manufacturer in a small nation. But when the vaccine becomes available, the small nation’s government balks, demanding enough for its entire population first before any can be exported.\",\"thumbnail\":null,\"url\":\"https://www.freep.com/story/news/health/2020/07/12/vaccine-nationalism-threatens-global-efforts-race-stop-coronavirus/5384850002/\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":\"Detroit Free Press\"},{\"id\":\"25986\",\"bylineDate\":\"2020-07-13T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"Trump undercuts health experts — again — even as US hospitalizations and COVID-19 deaths keep climbing\",\"summary\":\"When the president convened a roundtable this week on how to safely reopen schools with coronavirus cases rising, the seats surrounding him were filled with parents, teachers and top White House officials, including the first and second ladies.\",\"thumbnail\":null,\"url\":\"https://www.baltimoresun.com/coronavirus/ct-nw-covid-19-world-updates-20200711-mrd3j5qf5vex5by6luppnnxtnu-story.html\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":\"The Baltimore Sun\"},{\"id\":\"25840\",\"bylineDate\":\"2020-07-07T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"The Dangerous Race for the Covid Vaccine\",\"summary\":\"In June, Germany paid a whopping sum for a large stake in German drugmaker CureVac, which was developing a Covid-19 vaccine. Piontek was shocked. “Why CureVac?” he thought. The company’s vaccine is based on promising but untried and untested technology and its manufacturing capacities are limited.\",\"thumbnail\":null,\"url\":\"https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2020/07/07/vaccine-race-covid-national-pride-348072\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":\"Politico\"},{\"id\":\"24584\",\"bylineDate\":\"2020-05-05T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"To find a coronavirus vaccine, can we ethically infect people with a disease with no cure?\",\"summary\":\"USA Today\\nVaccine trials can take decades. In the race against COVID-19, we don’t even have years.\",\"thumbnail\":null,\"url\":\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2020/05/05/coronavirus-vaccine-challenge-trial-ethics-covid-19/3061009001/\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":\"USA Today\"},{\"id\":\"24604\",\"bylineDate\":\"2020-05-01T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"Health Official Says US Missed Some Chances to Slow Virus\",\"summary\":\"New York Times\\nThe U.S. government was slow to understand how much coronavirus was spreading from Europe, which helped drive the acceleration of outbreaks across the nation, a top health official said Friday.\",\"thumbnail\":null,\"url\":\"https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/05/01/health/ap-us-med-virus-outbreak-us-response.html?searchResultPosition=7\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":\"New York Times\"},{\"id\":\"23741\",\"bylineDate\":\"2020-04-06T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"COVID-19: A Teachable Moment\",\"summary\":\"For students and faculty at the Yale School of Public Health (YSPH), the COVID-19 pandemic is not only a global public health crisis, it is a teachable moment. \\n\\nInstructors at the school are using the outbreak as a real-time case study to teach students the important tools of public health, mathematical modeling, health policy and epidemiology.\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/b3728e37-1b64-4ccf-9a2f-b20a8be5c0da\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":1502,\"height\":1000,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/2dafd60e-68ca-47e9-b82b-5e62b77b65aa\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":1000},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/3ef3e491-0677-4914-adb9-bac1b2774ca4\",\"width\":1502,\"height\":806}]},\"url\":\"/news-article/23741/\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":null},{\"id\":\"23306\",\"bylineDate\":\"2020-03-21T04:00:00-04:00\",\"title\":\"Yale Historians put Pandemic in Context\",\"summary\":\"Dateline New Haven: Yale Historians Put Pandemic In Context\\nToday's Guests: Jason L Schwartz, PhD & Naomi Rogers, PhD\",\"thumbnail\":{\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/b6e682d8-2088-4f55-b6c9-7a439f5da9cd\",\"altText\":null,\"width\":1709,\"height\":1000,\"imageVariants\":[{\"dimension\":\"Square\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/8d72b7f6-70cb-4e60-b485-95b0ba573ae0\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":1000},{\"dimension\":\"Rectangle\",\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/v1/yms/prod/378c9d4d-9c6a-4d3b-a7f1-b8e97dd22ffd\",\"width\":1709,\"height\":917}]},\"url\":\"https://www.facebook.com/NewHavenIndependent/videos/231333061383639/UzpfSTEwNzA2NzE3MjY1MTgyNDozODc4NzkwNTYyMTQ2MTE0/\",\"isFeatured\":false,\"source\":\"New Haven Independent\"}]},\"locationsTab\":{\"addresses\":[{\"id\":22812,\"address\":{\"id\":580,\"officeName\":\"Yale School of Public Health\",\"name\":null,\"addressLine1\":\"60 College Street\",\"addressLine2\":\"Rm 312\",\"city\":\"New Haven\",\"region\":\"CT\",\"country\":\"United States\",\"postalCode\":\"06510\"},\"geoPoint\":{\"latitude\":41.3035087,\"longitude\":-72.9319369},\"phones\":[],\"activeHours\":null,\"website\":null}]},\"metaData\":{\"title\":\"Jason L Schwartz, PhD\",\"description\":\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\",\"imageMetaData\":{\"alt\":\"\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":630,\"url\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\",\"secureUrl\":\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\"},\"videoMetaData\":null,\"audioMetaData\":null,\"author\":null,\"pageType\":null,\"publishDate\":null,\"canonicalUrl\":\"/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\",\"isIndexingForbidden\":false},\"structuredData\":[{\"schemaName\":\"Person\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Publications\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"list and links available at http://jschwartz.yale.edu/publications/index.aspx\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Lessons from the failure of human papillomavirus vaccine state requirements.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17971822\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Caplan AL, Faden RR, Sugarman J. Lessons from the failure of human papillomavirus vaccine state requirements. Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics 2007, 82:760-3.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"HPV vaccination's second act: promotion, competition, and compulsion.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20724671\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. HPV vaccination's second act: promotion, competition, and compulsion. American Journal Of Public Health 2010, 100:1841-4.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Vaccination refusal: ethics, individual rights, and the common good.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22094142\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Caplan AL. Vaccination refusal: ethics, individual rights, and the common good. Primary Care 2011, 38:717-28, ix.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Ethics of vaccination programs.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22440783\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Caplan AL. Ethics of vaccination programs. Current Opinion In Virology 2011, 1:263-7.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"The first rotavirus vaccine and the politics of acceptable risk.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22709389\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. The first rotavirus vaccine and the politics of acceptable risk. The Milbank Quarterly 2012, 90:278-310.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"New media, old messages: themes in the history of vaccine hesitancy and refusal.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23116917\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. New media, old messages: themes in the history of vaccine hesitancy and refusal. The Virtual Mentor : VM 2012, 14:50-5.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Immune to addiction: the ethical dimensions of vaccines against substance abuse.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22610239\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Young MJ, Sisti DA, Rimon-Greenspan H, Schwartz JL, Caplan AL. Immune to addiction: the ethical dimensions of vaccines against substance abuse. Nature Immunology 2012, 13:521-4.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Evidence and ethics in mandatory vaccination policies.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23952835\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Evidence and ethics in mandatory vaccination policies. The American Journal Of Bioethics : AJOB 2013, 13:46-8.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"\\\\\\\"Model\\\\\\\" patients and the consequences of provider responses to vaccine hesitancy.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24018350\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. \\\\\\\"Model\\\\\\\" patients and the consequences of provider responses to vaccine hesitancy. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 2013, 9:2663-5.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Rotavirus vaccines, intussusception, and risk-benefit assessments.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24100526\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Rotavirus vaccines, intussusception, and risk-benefit assessments. JAMA Pediatrics 2013, 167:1093-4.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"A half-century of prevention--the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25409366\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Mahmoud A. A half-century of prevention--the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. The New England Journal Of Medicine 2014, 371:1953-6.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"State Vaccination Requirements for HPV and Other Vaccines for Adolescents, 1990-2015.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26172898\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Easterling LA. State Vaccination Requirements for HPV and Other Vaccines for Adolescents, 1990-2015. JAMA 2015, 314:185-6.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Fifty Years of Expert Advice - Pharmaceutical Regulation and the Legacy of the Drug Efficacy Study.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27959733\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Fifty Years of Expert Advice - Pharmaceutical Regulation and the Legacy of the Drug Efficacy Study. The New England Journal Of Medicine 2016, 375:2015-2017.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"The Missions of National Commissions: Mapping the Forms and Functions of Bioethics Advisory Bodies.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28533498\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schmidt H, Schwartz JL. The Missions of National Commissions: Mapping the Forms and Functions of Bioethics Advisory Bodies. Kennedy Institute Of Ethics Journal 2016, 26:431-456.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"When Not All That Counts Can Be Counted: Economic Evaluations And The Value Of Vaccination.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26858371\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Mahmoud A. When Not All That Counts Can Be Counted: Economic Evaluations And The Value Of Vaccination. Health Affairs (Project Hope) 2016, 35:208-11.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Vaccine Pricing and US Immunization Policies.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27404201\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Vaccine Pricing and US Immunization Policies. JAMA 2016, 316:226.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"State-Level Voting Patterns and Adolescent Vaccination Coverage in the United States, 2014.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27552268\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Bernstein S, North A, Schwartz J, Niccolai LM. State-Level Voting Patterns and Adolescent Vaccination Coverage in the United States, 2014. American Journal Of Public Health 2016, 106:1879-81.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"The Uncertain Future of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination School Requirements.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27940739\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. The Uncertain Future of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination School Requirements. Pediatrics 2016, 138.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Real-World Evidence, Public Participation, and the FDA.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29171057\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Real-World Evidence, Public Participation, and the FDA. The Hastings Center Report 2017, 47:7-8.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Vaccines and the Trump Administration-Reasons for Optimism Amid Uncertainty.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29048968\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Vaccines and the Trump Administration-Reasons for Optimism Amid Uncertainty. American Journal Of Public Health 2017, 107:1892-1893.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Using campaigns to improve perceptions of the value of adult vaccination in the United States: Health communic\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28886947\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Nowak GJ, Shen AK, Schwartz JL. Using campaigns to improve perceptions of the value of adult vaccination in the United States: Health communication considerations and insights. Vaccine 2017, 35:5543-5550.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Achieving an Optimal Childhood Vaccine Policy.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28672396\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Opel DJ, Schwartz JL, Omer SB, Silverman R, Duchin J, Kodish E, Diekema DS, Marcuse EK, Orenstein W. Achieving an Optimal Childhood Vaccine Policy. JAMA Pediatrics 2017, 171:893-896.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"A Broader Bioethics: Topic Selection and the Impact of National Bioethics Commissions.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28543649\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. A Broader Bioethics: Topic Selection and the Impact of National Bioethics Commissions. The Hastings Center Report 2017, 47 Suppl 1:S17-S19.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Costs, Consequences, and Policy Responses of Vaccine-Preventable Disease Outbreaks.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30073255\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. Costs, Consequences, and Policy Responses of Vaccine-Preventable Disease Outbreaks. JAMA Pediatrics 2018, 172:805-807.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"The Spanish Flu, Epidemics, and the Turn to Biomedical Responses.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30252511\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL. The Spanish Flu, Epidemics, and the Turn to Biomedical Responses. American Journal Of Public Health 2018, 108:1455-1458.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"Association Between Food and Drug Administration Advisory Committee Recommendations and Agency Actions, 2008-2\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31304643\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Zhang AD, Schwartz JL, Ross JS. Association Between Food and Drug Administration Advisory Committee Recommendations and Agency Actions, 2008-2015. The Milbank Quarterly 2019, 97:796-819.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"},{\"schemaName\":\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\",\"jsonData\":\"{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"MedicalScholarlyArticle\\\",\\\"publicationType\\\":\\\"Journal Article\\\",\\\"inLanguage\\\":\\\"en-US\\\",\\\"headline\\\":\\\"The Vaccines for Children Program at 25 - Access, Affordability, and Sustainability.\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32521131\\\",\\\"author\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Person\\\",\\\"mainEntityOfPage\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"WebPage\\\",\\\"@id\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"name\\\":\\\"Jason L Schwartz\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"Jason L. Schwartz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Yale School of Public Health. He holds a secondary appointment in the Section of the History of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and is also affiliated with the Program in the History of Science and Medicine and the Institution for Social and Policy Studies. He has written widely on vaccines and vaccination programs, decision-making in federal and state health policy, and the structure and function of scientific expert advice to government. His general research interest is in the ways in which evidence is interpreted, evaluated, and translated into regulation and policy in medicine and public health. Schwartz's publications have appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Health Affairs, The American Journal of Public Health, The Milbank Quarterly, and elsewhere. He is currently working on a book manuscript, Medicine by Committee: Expert Advice and Health Care in Modern America, that examines the emergence, evolution, and continuing influence of expert advisory committees in American medicine and public health from the 1960s to the present, particularly regarding pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and screening technologies. This project is supported by the National Institutes of Health. Other current research projects examine how policy-makers, regulators, physicians, and patients evaluate and respond to the risks, benefits, and costs of medical interventions.Prior to arriving at Yale, Schwartz was the Harold T. Shapiro Fellow at the Princeton University Center for Human Values, and earlier, an Associate Fellow and Lecturer in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a graduate of Princeton University, where he received an A.B. in classics, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science and a master's degree (MBE) in bioethics.[For more information, please visit http://jschwartz.yale.edu.]\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://publichealth.yale.edu/ysm/profile/jason_l_schwartz/\\\",\\\"email\\\":\\\"jason.l.schwartz@yale.edu\\\",\\\"telephone\\\":\\\"+12037856663\\\",\\\"honorificSuffix\\\":[null,\\\"PhD\\\"],\\\"award\\\":[],\\\"jobTitle\\\":[\\\"Assistant Professor of Public Health (Health Policy), Assistant Professor in the History of Medicine, and Assistant Professor in the Institution for Social and Policy Studies\\\"],\\\"affiliation\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Health Policy & Management\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/hpm/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"History of Medicine\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://medicine.yale.edu/histmed/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"J. Schwartz Lab\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale School of Public Health\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"http://publichealth.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Yale University\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://www.yale.edu/\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"alumniOf\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2012)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"University of Pennsylvania (2006)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University (2003)\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Organization\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Princeton University\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"image\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"ImageObject\\\",\\\"url\\\":\\\"https://ysm-res.cloudinary.com/image/upload/c_limit,f_auto,h_630,q_auto,w_1200/v1/yms/prod/19eb062d-c95a-4502-8857-207f15ed35a9\\\",\\\"description\\\":\\\"\\\",\\\"height\\\":1200,\\\"width\\\":630,\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"},\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}],\\\"description\\\":\\\"Schwartz JL, Colgrove J. The Vaccines for Children Program at 25 - Access, Affordability, and Sustainability. The New England Journal Of Medicine 2020, 382:2277-2279.\\\",\\\"@context\\\":\\\"http://schema.org\\\"}\"}],\"isResearchProfile\":false}}],\"sidebarComponents\":[]}"

Contact Information

Office Location

Mailing Addresses

Biography

Research & Publications

News

Locations

Locations